Improvement in magneto-electric machines



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

Patented Nov. 13, 1866.

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N. PETERS. Pholo-Li'lhcgnpku, walhmgim D. c.

UNITED STATES Parana Garret HENRY 'WILDE, or rmnoaasrna, ENGLAND.

IMPROVEMENT lN 'MAGNETO-ELECTRlC MACHINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 59,738, dated November13, 1866.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known thatI, HENRY WILDE, of Manchester, En land, have invented.certain new and useful improvements in Magneto-Electric and inElectro-Magnetic Machines; and I do hereby declare that the following isa full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable othersskilled in the art to make and use the same, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in whichFigure 1 represents an end view of a magnetoclectro machine constructedaccording to this invention. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same.Fig. 3 is an end view of aim-electromagnetic machine constructedaccording to -this invention. Fig. 4' is a side elevation of the same.Fig. 5 is a transverse section of the revolving armature. Fig. 6 is aside elevation f the same detached.

Similar letters 4 0t reference indicate like parts. This inventionrelates to certain improvements in that class of machines known asmagneto-electric machines, which improve ments are also applicable toelectromagnetic machines; and it relates, furthermore, to a combinationof one or more magnetoele'etric machines with one or moreelectromagnetic machines, whereby an electric current of any desiredpower can be produced.

My magneto-electric machine consists of a series of permanent magnets ofhorseshoe form fixed on the magnet-cylinder g. This magnetcylinder isformed of two segmentalspieces of cast-iron and of two intermediatepieces, h, of brass, of the same length as the segments, and fastenedtogether by bolts '6', or any suitable means. A smooth and parallel holeis bored through the cylinder. Two brackets, j j, are secured in thecast-iron projection g g, one at each end, to form the bearings It Itfor the journals of the revolving armature. I

The armature (see Figs. 5 and 6) ismade of cast-iron turned parallelthroughout its entire length, and, about one-twentieth of an inch lessin diameter than the hole in the magnet-cylinder, so that it may revolvein very close proximity to the interior of said cylinder, but withouttouching.

Two brass disks or caps, 70 k, (see Fig. 6,) having concentricprolongations for holding contact with the armature, and its outerextremity is connected with the insulated half of the commutator a bymeans of a clip and binding-screw. Bands of sheet-brass, o 0, encirclingthe armature at intervals, and sunk below the surface of the iron ingrooves turned out for their reception, prevent the convolutions ofinsulated wire from flying out of position by the centrifugal forceattending their revolution. 7

By means of a driving-strap the armature is made to revolve in theinterior of the magnet-cylinder at about twenty-five hundred revolutionsper minute, and two-waves of electricity moving in alternate directionsare generated during each revolution of the armature. The rapidsuccession of alternating waves thus generated are taken from themachine as an intermittent current moving in one direction only; This isaccomplished by means of two steel springs, q g, which rub againstopposite sides of the commutator n a. The springs q q are connected withthe polar terminals of the electro-magnets of the electromagneticscribed, except that a large electro-nragnet, t, (see Figs. 3 and 4,) issubstituted for the permanent magnets f on the magnet-cylinder. Theclectro-magnet t is formed of two rectangular plates, 12 r, of rollediron, as shown by the dotted lines. They are bolted parallel with eachother, and between the iron bars c c, to the sides of themagnet-cylinder by means of the bolt w.

two thicknesses of the same iron as that ofwhich the sides are made,separated from each other by an iron packing, which makes the entiredepth of the bridge equal to the width of the bars o o. The bridge isfixed between the'plates a a by means of long iron bolts extending fromone side of the magnet to the other, as shown in 4.

Each of the sides of the electromagnet is coiled with an insulatedconductor consisting of a bundle of copper wires laid parallel to each,and bound together with double covering of linen tape. Two of theextremities of the coils are coupled up, so as to form acontinuous-circuit. The other extremities of the electricity are takenfrom the steelcollars by' means of the springs q q, and can be conveyedto any place required by means of the conductors z z.

The armature of the electromagnetic machine is driven at about eighteenhundred revolutions per minute, and the journals and commutators of.both armatures are to be finished with suitable lubricating apparatusfor maintaining a constant supply of oil tothe uibbing-suriaccs.

4 The-action of the machine is as follows: The electricity derived fromthe permanent magnets ff by the revolution of the armature of themagnetoelectriemachine'is transmitted by means of the wires 8 5 throughthe coils of the large electro-magnet of the electromagnetic machine,the iron plates at and magneteylinder of which an amount of. magnetismsome hundreds of times greater than that possessed by the permanentmagnets of the magneto-electric machine. As the armatures of themagneto-electric and electromagnetidmachines are driven simultaneously,a propor- -tionatel y large amount of electricity is evolved from thearmature-wires of the electro-mag nctic machine, and theelectricity thusgenerated may be used either for transmitting signals for producing" theelectric light, for electrodcposition, or for other purposes.

The con'imutator a n of the magneto-electric machine is cut diagonally,in order that it may run more freely over the springs g g hearing uponit, and also for the purpose of male ing a short circuit between thecoils of the magnctoelectric machine and the coils of theelectro-niagnet of the electromagnetic ma.

chine whenever the commutator n a is at the dead-point, or at that partof its revolution in which no electricity is generated by themagneto-electric machine. The object of the short circuit is to increasethe power of the electromagnet to a much greater degree than would bethe case if the short circuit were not made.

Whenthe electricity from the magneto-electric machine is passing throughthe coils of the large electro-m'agnet the current passesuninterruptedly through the entire circuit, which may Joe indicated by acontinuous loop or circle, 0; but when the short circuit is made,as-above referred to, by means. of the springs q bearing upon bothhalves of the commutators n n at the same time, as shown in Fig. 2, thetwo currents of electricity-one in the wire of the electro-magnet andthe other in the wire surrounding the armature of the magneto-electricmachineare made to flow for a moment in two closed or short circuits, asmay be indicated by thenumeral 8.

Instead of exciting the coils of the large electromagnetic machine witha voltaicv bat tery or small magneto-electric machine, as abovedescribed, a thermoelectric battery may be used, or an electromagneticinduction-machine similar to that shown in. Figs. 3, 4, 6,

and 7 or any other electromagnetic inductionmachine the currents fromwhich may be made to pass in onedirection by means of a commutator; andtheelectro-magnet of this exciting electromagnetic induction-machinemay, in its turn, be excited by another small magneto-e'lectric machineor any well-known source of electricity. 7

In order that the electricity generated by the electromagnetic machineabove described may be used for transmitting signals, particularl ythrough uninsulated submarine cables, the

. poles of the machine are connected to the cable in the ordinary or anyother shita'ole manner, and a current of electrici'ty can be produced ofsufficient power to pass through a cable ofany desired length.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- 1 Themethod of constructing magnet-cylinders for magneto-electric andelectroma netic machines by making them ofsegmental iron concaves withintervening strips of wood, brass, or-other non-electric material,substantiallyas set forth.

2. The combination ofa magneto-electric and electro-magnctic machine,constructed HENRY WILDE.

Witnesses H. B. BARLOW,

Patent Agent, Manchester. Jenn PERKINS,

Draftsman, Manchester.

